How To Avoid Getting Pregnant

Step 1: Barriers

Barrier methods of contraception include male and female condoms, diaphragms, and caps. They are called barrier methods as they stop the sperm meeting the egg. If used correctly, they can protect against sexually transmitted infections as well as pregnancy, but there is a small risk they might slip or split during sexual intercourse.

Step 2: Medication

There are several types of medication that can be used to control female hormones and prevent pregnancy. Contraceptive injections, patches or various types of pills can be prescribed by your doctor to either prevent the egg being released by the ovary or stop the fertilised egg implanting in the womb. Medication does not protect against sexually transmitted infections.

Step 3: Intrauterine Devices

This is a small plastic and copper device, sometimes T-shaped, which is inserted into the womb. The IUD stops the sperm meeting the egg, or may stop the egg implanting in the womb. Alternatively there is the intrauterine contraceptive implant, which consists of copper beads threaded on to a length of nylon, which is attached to the top of the womb. Neither of these methods protect against sexually transmitted infections.

Step 4: Coitus Interruptus

The withdrawal method can prevent pregnancy if the man withdraws his penis before ejaculation takes place. This method does not protect against sexually transmitted infections and there is a risk of pregnancy if the withdrawal isn't early enough.