International Patents

Does my US patent protect me in other countries as well?

Intellectual property rights for the most part, specifically trademarks and patents, only give protection in the country in which you file. So if you file a US application your rights of protection from your patent are only within the US.

Are the processes and standards for obtaining a patent different in foreign countries?

Obtaining a patent in a foreign country will definitely vary depending on which country you're in. Some countries are very rigorous, like Japan. Other countries are not as rigorous in allowing you to obtain a patent. It all depends on what country you're in, therefore the standard from the US in obtaining a patent, as opposed to foreign countries, will vary significantly.